2007.10.15 VNC
# cd /usr/ports/net/vnc
# make install clean
home目录下面新建一个目录
# mkdir .vnc
# cd .vnc
# vncserver
启动vncserver，第一次启动会为你的session设定密码：
{home}/.vnc/xstartup 这个文件很重要，接下来会修改它！
# 下面的2行是vncserver第一次启动的时候产生的，为了使用Gnome，我把它们给
# 注释掉了
# xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &
# twm &
gnome-session & <--这个是增加的，不要忘了后面的&
exec /root/.xinitrc
(Use startkde & for KDE, gnome-session & for GNOME or fvwm2 & for FVWM2.)
GuoBiAo_CN.localdmain:1
如果要关闭vncserver
# vncserver -kill :1
开启多个VNC Server
您可以在同一台机器上开启复数个VNC Server，方法如下：
# vncserver :display#
display#是数字，它代表各个VNC Server的编号，可以利用它来指定开启不同的VNC Server。若第一次开启预设是在display 1。例如我们想开一个远程桌面于display 2，就输入以下指令：
# vncserver :2
(2) 关闭VNC Server
要关闭已开启的VNC Server，可以利用-kill这个参数来完成关闭的动作。
# vncserver -kill :display#
Killing Xvnc process ID 80163
VNC Viewer
VNC也提供了vncviewer这个指令来登入远程桌面，使用方法与vncserver类似，只是多了主机地址。
# vncviewer 140.121.xxx.ooo:display#
想要从FreeBSD连上Windows桌面，若尚未设定VNC Server，先到「Configure VNC Server」建立密码等相关设定，再点选「Register VNC Server」在Windows中登录一个VNC Server，然后才点选「Run VNC Server」启动它。以后就可以在FreeBSD主机上输入以下指令登入Windows桌面：
> vncviewer 主机地址
要特别注意的是，在Windows下开启的VNC Server并没有以display#做区分，仅能开启一个VNC Server。
2007.10.10 Web服务器 apache+php+mysql+phpmyadmin+mrtg
使用wget加速port下载
# cd /usr/ports/ftp/wget/
# make install clean
/etc/make.conf
FETCH_CMD=wget -c -t 1
DISABLE_SIZE=yes
# setenv PACKAGESITE ftp://ftp.freebsdchina.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-6.2-release/Latest/ ##非PORTS安装
优化编译环境
更新/etc/make.conf文件，做适当的编译优化
MASTER_SITE_OVERRIDE=\
ftp://ftp.cn.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/${DIST_SUBDIR}/
# cd /usr/ports/www/apache22
# make install clean
(httpd.conf)
//查找
Listen 125.208.15.3:80 \\此处为您服务器的IP地址以及端口
ServerAdmin GuoBiAo_CN@bsdmail.org \\Mail
ServerName 127.0.0.1
AddHandler cgi-scrīpt .cgi \\去掉#打开CGI脚本服务
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks \\改为Options FollowSymLinks （配置文件目录浏览修改）
Directorylndex index.html index.php index.cgi \\填入（index.php index.cgi)
Include etc/apache22/extra/httpd-mpm.conf //把#去掉
****WARNING:MaxClients ofXXX **
# cd /usr/local/www/apache22/cgi-bin/
# mv printenv printenv.cgi
# chmod a+x printenv.cgi
# cd /usr/ports/lang/php5
# make install clean
httpd.conf中加入
#AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
# cp /usr/local/etc/php.ini-dist /usr/local/etc/php.ini
/usr/local/etc/php.ini
safe_mode = Off,更改为safe_mode = On
disable_functions =phpinfo 是否关闭PHPINFO？
# cd /usr/ports/lang/php5-extensions
# make install clean
# cd /usr/ports/devel/ZendOptimizer/
# make install clean
/usr/local/etc/php.ini and add:
下最面加上:
[Zend]
zend_optimizer.optimization_level=15
zend_extension_manager.optimizer="/usr/local/lib/php/20060613/Optimizer"
zend_extension_manager.optimizer_ts="/usr/local/lib/php/20060613/Optimizer_TS"
zend_extension="/usr/local/lib/php/20060613/ZendExtensionManager.so"
zend_extension_ts="/usr/local/lib/php/20060613/ZendExtensionManager_TS.so"
# cd /usr/ports/databases/mysql51-server
# make BUILD_OPTIMIZED=yes install clean
# cp /usr/local/share/mysql/my-large.cnf /usr/local/etc/my.cnf (my-large.cnf内存=512)
my.cnf
#/usr/local/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql \\ 初始化数据库
# vi /etc/rc.conf
apache22_enable="YES"
mysql_enable="YES"
# cd /usr/local/etc/rc.d
# ./apache22 start;./mysql-server start
http://192.168.1.10/cgi-bin/printenv.cgi
http://192.168.1.10/cgi-bin/printenv.cgi?2
能否正常运行！？
apache http:/192.168.1.10 "It works!
mysql # mysql -u root -p
# mysql> show databases;
# cd /usr/local/www/apache22/data/
# rm index.html;vi index.php
(index.php)
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
# cd /usr/ports/databases/phpmyadmin/
# make install clean
# cd /usr/local/www/
# cp -R phpMyAdmin/ apache22/data/phpmyadmin
# rm /usr/local/www/apache22/data/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php
# cd /usr/local/www/apache22/data/phpmyadmin/libraries/
# cp config.default.php config.inc.php
config.inc.php
$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = 'XXXX' "配置文件现在需要绝密的短语密码(blowfish_secret)"
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'cookie';
cookie預設值不需輸入密碼即可登入 http有變動到資料庫就要輸入 利用cookie方式只要輸入一次密碼即可
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['user'] = 'xxxx';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['password'] = 'xxxx';
# mv config.inc.php /usr/local/www/apache22/data/phpmyadmin/
http://192.168.1.10/phpMyAdmin/ \\能否正常运行！？
"##1045 - Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) "
# cd /usr/local/www/{phpMyAdmin_HOME}
# vi config.inc.php
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlpass'] = '改'; 改为 (stuhack)
保存.刷新phpMyAdmin
查看当前的连接数可以用
ps aux | grep httpd | wc -l
pgrep httpd|wc -l
计算httpd占用内存的平均数
ps aux|grep -v grep|awk '/httpd/{sum+=$6;n++};END{print sum/n}'
配置虚拟主机.绑定域名
# vi /usr/local/etc/apache22/httpd.conf
找到
Virtual hosts
#Include etc/apache22/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf \\把Include前边的#去掉.
# cd /usr/local/www/apache22/data/
# mkdir htdocs
mkdir htdocs
#cd htdocs
#vi index.php
输入:
<?php
echo "test.gb-cn.org";
?>
//htdocs 为test.gb-cn.org目录
httpd-vhosts.conf
<VirtualHost test.gb-cn.org:80>
<Directory "/usr/local/etc/www/apache22/data/htdocs" >
</Directory>
ServerAdmin GuoBiAo_CN@bsdmail.org
DocumentRoot /usr/local/etc/www/apache22/data/htdocs
ServerName test.gb-cn.org
DirectoryIndex index.htm index.html index.jsp index.php
ErrorLog logs/170-error_log
CustomLog logs/170-access_log common \\del
</VirtualHost>
MRTG 流量分析
# cd /usr/ports/net-mgmt/net-snmp
# make install clean
# cd /usr/local/share/snmp
# cp snmpd.conf.example snmpd.conf
## snmpd_enable="YES" >> /etc/rc.conf
# vi /usr/local/share/snmp/snmpd.conf
view mib2 included .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 fc
rocommunity mrtg
syslocation UNIX-FreeBSD
syscontact GuoBiAo_CN@bsdmail.org
# /usr/local/etc/rc.d/snmpd start(rcvar)
# netstat -an \\udp4 0 0 *.161 *.*
# cd /usr/ports/net-mgmt/mrtg
# make install clean
## mrtg_daemon_enable="YES" >> /etc/rc.conf
# mkdir /usr/local/www/apache22/data/mrtg \\建立MRTG设定档
# cd /usr/local/etc/mrtg
# rehash
# cfgmaker mrtg@GuoBiAo.UNIX-FreeBSD >mrtg.cfg
\\建立MRTG设定档
路径:/usr/local/etc/mrtg/
指令: cfgmaker mrtg@GuoBiAo.UNIX-FreeBSD > mrtg -->是要输出的档案
GuoBiAo.UNIX-FB -->机器名
mrtg -->是要输出的档案
mrtg -->设备设定档的共同的名字(community name) 预设是public
# vi mrtg.cfg
WorkDir: /usr/local/www/apache22/data/mrtg \\注意的一点前边不要有空格
Language:GB2312
# /usr/local/bin/mrtg /usr/local/etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg \\第一次执行mrtg
# /usr/local/bin/indexmaker -output=/usr/local/www/apache22/data/mrtg/index.html -
title=mrtg /usr/local/etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg
# crontab -e
*/5 * * * * /usr/local/bin/mrtg /usr/local/etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg
设定每5分钟执行一次 使用手工运行mrtg并不能定时产生适当的统计信息，因此最好还是定时自动运行
mrtg来生 成统计信息，默认为五分钟运行一次。
到此为止，配置完毕!