作者：zieckey （zieckey＠yahoo.com.cn）
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有这样两个文件：
程序清单1 ：hello.c
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char msg[] = "Hello world!";
puts(msg);
printf("Welcome to use diff commond.\n");
return 0;
}
程序清单2：hello_diff.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
char msg[] = "Hello world,fome hello_diff.c";
puts(msg);
printf("hello_diff.c says,'Here you are,using diff.'\n");
return 0;
}
我们使用diff命令来查看这两个文件的不同之处，有一下几种方便的方法：
1、普通格式输出：
[root@localhost diff]# diff hello.c hello_diff.c
1a2
> #include <stdlib.h>
5c6
< char msg[] = "Hello world!";
---
> char msg[] = "Hello world,fome hello_diff.c";
8c9
< printf("Welcome to use diff commond.\n");
---
> printf("hello_diff.c says,'Here you are,using diff.'\n");
[root@localhost diff]#
上面的“1a2”表示后面的一个文件"hello_diff.c"比前面的一个文件"hello.c"多了一行
"5c6"表示第一个文件的第5行与第二个文件的第6行有区别
2、并排格式输出
[root@localhost diff]# diff hello.c hello_diff.c -y -W 130
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdio.h>
> #include <stdlib.h>
int main(void) int main(void)
{ {
char msg[] = "Hello world!"; | char msg[] = "Hello world,fome hello_diff.c";
puts(msg); puts(msg);
printf("Welcome to use diff commond.\n"); | printf("hello_diff.c says,'Here you are,using diff.'\
return 0; return 0;
} }
[root@localhost diff]#
这种并排格式的对比一目了然，可以快速找到不同的地方。
-W选择可以指定输出列的宽度，这里指定输出列宽为130
3、上下文输出格式
[root@localhost diff]# diff hello.c hello_diff.c -c
*** hello.c 2007-09-25 17:54:51.000000000 +0800
--- hello_diff.c 2007-09-25 17:56:00.000000000 +0800
***************
*** 1,11 ****
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
! char msg[] = "Hello world!";
puts(msg);
! printf("Welcome to use diff commond.\n");
return 0;
}